In this article we will cover the topic central government- President Political Science BA 1st year of Mjpru university.
President is mentioned in Articles 52 to 62 in part 5 of the Indian Constitution. President is the head of the state and he is considered as the first citizen of India. He act as the symbol of unity of India.
Election of the President
President is not directly elected by the people as the Prime Minister but his elections held indirectly. People who take part in the elections of president are:
a. Elected members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
b. Electric members of the legislative assemblies of state
c. Elected members of the legislative assemblies of Union Territory of Delhi and Puducherry.
Process of election
President’s election held according to the proportional representation system by the means of Single Transferable Vote. Voting is conducted by secret ballot system. Before the candidate is announced to be elected he should secure a fix quota. The quota is determined by dividing total number of valid votes polled by the number of candidates to be elected Plus 1 and adding 1 to the quotient.
Electoral quota= (Total number of valid votes polled÷ 2) +1
Qualifications for the election as President and Oath
A person should full form the following qualifications:
•He should be a citizen of India.
•He should have completed the age of 35 years.
•He should be qualified for the election as a member of Lok Sabha.
•He should not hold any office of profit.
The nomination of a candidate for election to the office of President must have subscribers of at least 50 proposers and 50 seconders. Every candidate has to make rupees 15000 as a security deposit in the Reserve Bank of India.
The Oath of the president is administered by the Chief Justice of India. In his absence, the seniormost judge of the supreme court completes this task.
Term of President’s office
President holds the office for term of five years. He can resign from his office at any time. President address is resignation letter to Vice-President. Further president can also be removed before the completion of his term through the process of impeachment.
Presidents and hold office after the completion of his terms of 5 year until the new successor take charge.
Presidents office can be vacant in the following situations:
•On the expiry of his tenure of 5 years.
• When President give his resignation.
•When President get removed by the process of impeachment.
•In case of the death of President.
Process of impeachment
The president can be removed from office by the process of impeachment on the grounds of violation of the Constitution. The impeachment can be initiated in both houses, which are Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha. This should be signed by one-fourth members of that house. After this, a notice of 14 days should be given to the president. This resolution must be passed by a two-third majority of the total membership of that house. After this, it has sent to the another house that conducts the investigation of the charges. If another house also passes the impeachment resolution by two-thirds of the total membership then the President gets removed. People who take part in the impeachment of the President are:
•The nominated members of either House of Parliament as do not participate in his election. The elected members of state legislative assemblies and the union territories of Delhi and Puducherry do not participate in the process of impeachment as they participate in the election.
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